Info Systems Free Essays

Part I: True/False evaluation and Multiple-choice questions (0. 5 points/each question) 1. The overarching goal of information security is to ensure data integrity, availability, and confidentiality. We will write a custom essay sample on Info Systems or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Managing security refers to a comprehensive set of activities that develop, implement, direct, and monitor the organization’s security strategy and activities. 3. The most expensive cybercrime are computer viruses. 4. Authentication is a means of providing proof of data transmission or receipt so that the occurrence of a transaction cannot later be refused. . The trend in computer security is toward policy-based management. 6. The core challenge of security management is ___________. a)Finding the right balance between shielding the organization’s main assets from potential harm b)Enabling staff to do their jobs c)Both a) and b) 7. Which of the following hacker tricks involves launching software that monitors all traffic looking for passwords or other valuable information? a)Main-in-the middle b)Denial of service c)Trojan horse d)Network sniffing 8. Defining security policies and then managing and enforcing those policies via security management products and services is known as _______. a)Intrusion-based management b)Policy-based management c)Incident-based management 9. To protect against spoofing, firms need a way to ____________. a)Authenticate the identity of an individual b)Repudiate the identify of an individual c)Dispute the identity of an individual 10. To protect against hacking, companies install ___________ which controls access between networks. a)Virtual private systems b)Encryption c)Firewalls How to cite Info Systems, Essay examples

Analysis of Fiction Elements in Wuthering Heights Essay Example For Students

Analysis of Fiction Elements in Wuthering Heights Essay In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte developed characters that revolved around actual experiences from her childhood. Emily was born and raised in Thornton,Yorkshire. Haworth, a suburb of Yorkshire in Northern England, was far away from cultural London. The Haworth parsonage was nearly surrounded by a graveyard. Emily and her siblings spent most of their lives with this gloomy setting. Patrick Bronte, an Irish clergyman, was the father of six children. All of the children were very disciplined due to the enforced and cruel discipline of their father. Maria Bronte died of yphus, leaving her children without a motherly figure. Emily was fiercely independent. She was strongly opposed to formal religion. This could have been from the hardship she endured as a child. Emily felt no love from her aunt Branwell, who took care of them when her mother died. Aunt Branwell was a very religious person, yet had no compassion in her life for her nieces. She felt no bond between them (Barrons7). In Jane Eyre this real life situation was recreated between Jane and her Aunt Reed (11). Emily was left in the care of an aunt who had absolutely no affection for her. These real life situations became themes throughout the books written by both Emily and Charlotte Bronte. Emily became very loyal to her father and found it hard to leave her home environment. She stayed with her ill brother until his death in September 1848, at the early age of 30. At the funeral of her brother, Emily caught a cold and never left the house again. She went into a deep depression. Her sisters couldn’t help her. Emily died at the early age of 30, never knowing about the success Wuthering Heights would experience. Her father, Patrick Bronte, outlived all of his children (The Professor 5). After the tragedy of Emily’s death, her sister Charlotte wrote Jane Eyre, which became an immediate success. So devastated over the death of his beloved wife, Patrick retreated to his study. To fulfil the duties as a pastor, he left his study. The children were left mostly to themselves, leaving much time to create an imagination through books and writing. Most of these stories and characters were written revolving around the moors which they played by as young children (Lit. Women 225). Many themes develop throughout the book Wuthering Heights, such as love, hate, ejection, the risk of loving and revenge. Love is strongest of them all. All of these themes are throughout the character’s lives, but in the end love is the only one that remains. In Wuthering Heights, the love between the characters Heathcliff and Cathy is very difficult. Heathcliff is from a lower economic class and is less educated. He actually works for Cathy’s family as a hired hand. In her heart, she loves Heathcliff but cannot marry him because of his social status and lack of money. Cathy chooses to marry Edgar, a very wealthy man, who does love Cathy. Marrying for the wrong reasons they never find fulfillment. Cathy regrets not following her heart, to be with Heathcliff. Embittered Edgar cannot make Cathy love him. Heathcliff feels rejected, yet he never stops loving Cathy. Cathy knows in her heart she is doing wrong to marry Edgar. She said, â€Å"I have no more business marrying Edgar Linton than going to heaven† (68). Edgar is handsome, young, cheerful does love Cathy. The number one reason is money. Cathy believes it will make her happy (66). Without Cathy, Heathcliff feels hatred, but when they are together he can ace anything. .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae , .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .postImageUrl , .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae , .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:hover , .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:visited , .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:active { border:0!important; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:active , .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u81a29e4576ddf4d3c47210bd928918ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lamb to the slaughter, The sniper and Vendetta EssayHeathcliff says he wants to become better for her. When Cathy’s father died, Heathcliff came back and gave Cathy a shoulder to cry on (36). At this point in the story Cathy has married Edgar, and realizes her huge mistake. She tells Heathcliff that when she dies, she will never lie in peace: â€Å"I’ll not lie there by myself, they may bury me twelve feet deep, and throw the church down under me, but†¦ The rest of the paper is available free of charge to our registered users. The registration process just couldn’t be easier. Log in or register now. It is all free!

Young Goodman Brown Analysis Essay Example For Students

Young Goodman Brown Analysis Essay The Downfall of Young Goodman Brown Young GoodmanBrown, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick withallegory. Young Goodman Brown is a moral story which istold through the perversion of a religious leader. In YoungGoodman Brown, Goodman Brown is a Puritan ministerwho lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with hisrelations with the community after he meets with the devil,and causes him to live the life of an exile in his owncommunity. Young Goodman Brown begins when Faith,Browns wife, asks him not to go on an errand. GoodmanBrown says to his love and (my) Faith that this one night Imust tarry away from thee. When he says his love and hisFaith, he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to hisfaith to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet withthe Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faithin God with his wife. He resolves that he will cling to herskirts and follow her to Heaven. This is an example of theexcessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meetwith the Devil because of this promise that he made tohimself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise becausewhen Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can nolonger look at his wife with the same faith he had before. We will write a custom essay on Young Goodman Brown Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, hedeclares that the reason he was late was because Faith keptme back awhile. This statement has a double meaningbecause his wife physically prevented him from being ontime for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God ipsychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devilhad with him a staff that bore the likeness of a great blacksnake. The staff which looked like a snake is a reference tothe snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake ledAdam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to theTree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar toGoodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomableamounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from theTree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devils staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to theDevils ceremony which destroys Goodman Browns faith inhis fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia. Goodman Brown almost immediately declares that he kepthis meeting with the Devil and no longer wishes to continueon his errand with the Devil. He says that he comes from arace of honest men and good Christians and that his fatherhad never gone on this errand and nor will he. The Devil isquick to point out however that he was with his father andgrandfather when they were flogging a woman or burning anIndian village, respectively. These acts are ironic in that theywere bad deeds done in the name of good, and it shows thathe does not come from good Christians. When GoodmanBrowns first excuse not to carry on with the errand provesto be unconvincing, he says he cant go because of his wife,Faith. And because of her, he can not carry out the errandany further. At this point the Devil agrees with him and tellshim to turn back to prevent that Faith should come to anyharm like the old woman in front of them on the path. Ironically, Goodman Browns faith is harmed because thewoman on the path is the woman who taught him hiscatechism in youth, and was still his moral and spiritualadviser. The Devil and the woman talk and afterward,Brown continues to walk on with the Devil in the disbelief ofwhat he had just witnessed. Ironically, he blames the womanfor consorting with the Devil but his own pride stops himfrom realizing that his faults are the same as the womans. Brown again decides that he will no longer to continue on hiserrand and rationalizes that just because his teacher was notgoing to heaven, why should he quit my dear Faith, and goafter her. At this, the Devil tosses Goodman Brown his staff(which will lead him out of his Eden) and leaves him. Goodman Brown begins to think to himself about hissituation and his pride in himself begins to build. Heapplauds himself greatly, and thinking with how clear aconscience he should meet his ministerAnd what calmsleep would be hisin the arms of Faith! This is ironicbecause at the end of the story, he can not even look Faithin the eye, let alone sleep in her arms. As Goodman Brownis feeling good about his strength in resisting the Devil, hehears the voices of the minister and Deacon Gookin. Heoverhears their conversation and hears them discuss agoodly young woman to be taken in to communion thatevening at that nights meeting and fears that it may be hisFaith. When Goodman Brown hears this he becomes weakand falls to the ground. He begins to doubt whether therereally was a Heaven above him and this is a key point whenGoodman Browns faith begins to wain. Goodman Brown inpanic declares that With Heaven above, and Faith below, Iwill yet stand firm against the devil! Again, Brown makes aprom ise to keep his faith unto God. Then a black mass ofcloud goes in between Brown and the sky as if to block hisprayer from heaven. Brown then hears what he believed tobe voices that he has before in the community. OnceGoodman Brown begins to doubt whether this is really whathe had heard or not, the sound comes to him again and thistime it is followed by one voice, of a young woman. .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 , .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .postImageUrl , .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 , .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:hover , .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:visited , .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:active { border:0!important; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:active , .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7 .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8c2d94df1d022f2f7f7a5de41945f5d7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Anne Frank EssayGoodman believes this is Faith and he yells out her nameonly to be mimicked by the echoes of the forest, as if hiscalls to Faith were falling on deaf ears. A pink ribbon fliesthrough the air and Goodman grabs it. At this moment, hehas lost all faith in the world and declares that there is nogood on earth. Young Goodman Brown in this scene iseasily manipulated simply by the power of suggestion. Thesuggestion that the woman in question is his Faith, andbecause of this, he easily loses his faith. Goodman Brownthen loses all of his inhibitions and begins to laugh insanely. He takes hold of the staff which causes him to seem to flyalong the forest-path. This image alludes to that of Adamand Eve being led out of the Garden of Eden as is GoodmanBrown being led out of his utopia by the Devils snakelikestaff. Hawthorne at this point remarks about the instinct thatguides mortal man to evil. This is a direct statement from theauthor that he believes that mans natural inclination is to leanto evil than good. Goodman Brown had at this point lost hisfaith in God, therefore there was nothing restraining hisinstincts from moving towards evil because he had been leadout from his utopian image of society. At this point,Goodman Brown goes mad and challenges evil. He feelsthat he will be the downfall of evil and that he is strongenough to overcome it all. This is another demonstration ofBrowns excessive pride and arrogance. He believes that heis better than everyone else in that he alone can destroy evil. Brown then comes upon the ceremony which is setup like aperverted Puritan temple. The altar was a rock in the middleof the congregation and there were four trees surroundingthe congregation with their tops ablaze, like candles. A redlight rose and fell over the congregation which cast a veil ofevil over the congregation over the devil worshippers. Brown starts to take notice of the faces that he sees in theservice and he recognizes them all, but he then realizes thathe does not see Faith and hope came into his heart. This isthe first time that the word hope ever comes into the storyand it is because this is the true turning point for GoodmanBrown. If Faith was not there, as he had hoped, he wouldnot have to live alone in his community of heathens, which hedoes not realize that he is already apart of. Another way thatthe hope could be looked at is that it is all one of theChristian triptych. (Capps 25) The third part of the triptychwhich is never mentioned throughout the story is charity. IfBrown had had charity it would have been the antidotethat would have allowed him to survive without despair theinformed state in which he returned to Salem. (Camps 25)The ceremony then begins with a a cry to Bring forth theconverts! Surprisingly Goodman Brown steps forward. Hehad no power to retreat one step, nor to resist, even inthought. G oodman Brown at this point seems to be in atrance and he loses control of his body as he isunconsciously entering this service of converts to the devil. The leader of the service than addresses the crowd ofconverts in a disturbing manner. He informs them that all themembers of the congregation are the righteous, honest, andincorruptible of the community. The sermon leader theninforms the crowd of their leaders evil deeds such asattempted murder of the spouse and wife, adultery, andobvious blasphemy. After his sermon, the leader informsthem to look upon each other and Goodman Brown findshimself face to face with Faith. The leader begins up againdeclaring that Evil is the nature of mankind and hewelcomes the converts to communion of your race. (Thecommunion of your race statement reflects to the irony ofBrowns earlier statement that he comes from a race ofhonest men and good Christians.) The leader than dips hishand in the rock to draw a liquid from it and to lay the markof baptism upon their foreheads. Brown than snaps outfrom his trance and yells Faith! Faith! Look up to Heavenand resist the wicked one! At this, the ceremony ends and Brown finds himself alone. He does not know whether Faith,his wife, had kept her faith, but he finds himself alone whichleads him to believe that he is also alone in his faith. .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e , .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .postImageUrl , .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e , .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:hover , .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:visited , .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:active { border:0!important; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:active , .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u544af649162114a8ffe474a36bfb7b6e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Overview Of Industrialized Building Systems Construction EssayThroughout the story, Brown lacks emotion as a normalperson would have had. The closest Brown comes toshowing an emotion is when a hanging twig, that had beenall on fire, besprinkled his cheek with the coldest dew. Thedew on his cheek represents a tear that Brown is unable toproduce because of his lack of emotion. Hawthorne showsthat Brown has no compassion for the weaknesses he seesin others, no remorse for his own sin, and no sorrow for hisloss of faith. (Easterly 339) His lack of remorse andcompassion condemns him to an anguished life that isspiritually and emotionally dissociated. (Easterly 341) Thisscene is an example of how Goodman Brown chose tofollow his head rather than his heart. Had Brown followedhis heart, he may have still lived a good life. If he followedwith his heart, he would have been able to sympathize withthe communitys weaknesses, but instead, he listened to hishead and excommunicated himself from the communitybecause he only thought of them as heathens.. YoungGoodman Brown ends with Brown returning to Salem atearly dawn and looking around like a bewildered man. Hecannot believe that he is in the same place that he just thenight before; because to him, Salem was no longer home. He felt like an outsider in a world of Devil worshippers andbecause his basic means of order, his religious system, isabsent, the society he was familiar with becomesnightmarish. (Shear 545) He comes back to the townprojecting his guilt onto those around him. (Tritt 114)Brown expresses his discomfort with his new surroundingsand his excessive pride when he takes a child away from ablessing given by Goody Cloyse, his former Catechismteacher, as if he were taking the child from the grasp of thefiend himself. His anger towards the community isexemplified when he sees Faith who is overwhelmed withexcitement to see him and he looks sternly and sadly intoher face, and passed on without a greeting. Brown cannoteven stand to look at his wife with whom he was at theconvert service with. He feels that even though he was at theDevils service, he is still better than everyone else becauseof his excessive pride. Brown feels he can push his ownfaults on to others and look down at them rather than look athimself and resolve his own faults with himself. GoodmanBrown was devastated by the discovery that the potentialfor evil resides in everybody. The rest of his life is destroyedbecause of his inability to face this truth and live with it. Thestory, which may have been a dream, and not a real lifeevent, planted the seed of doubt in Browns mind whichconsequently cut him off from his fellow man and leaves himalone and depressed. His life ends alone and miserablebecause he was never able to look at himself and realize thatwhat he believed were everyone elses faults were his aswell. His excessive pride in himself led to his isolation fromthe community. Brown was buried with no hopeful verseupon his tombstone; for his dying hour was gloom. WorksCited Capps, Jack L. Hawthornes Young GoodmanBrown, Explicator, Washington D.C., 1982 Spring, 40:3,25. Easterly, Joan Elizabeth. Lachrymal Imagery inHawthornes Young Goodman Brown, Studies in ShortFiction, Newberry, S.C., 1991 Summer, 28:3, 3 39-43. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodmam Brown, TheStory and Its Writer, 4th ed. Ed. Ann Charters. Boston:Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1995, 595-604. Shear, Walter. Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in ThreeAmerican Short Stories, Studies in Short Fiction,Newberry, S.C., 1992 Fall, 29:4, 543-549. Tritt, Michael. Young Goodman Brown and the Psychology ofProjection, Studies in Short Fiction, Newberry, S.C., 1986Winter, 23:1, 113-117. Book Reports

Fascinating Facts About Caterpillars

Fascinating Facts About Caterpillars Surely youve seen a caterpillar in your lifetime, and youve probably even handled one, but how much do you know about Lepidopteran larvae? These cool facts about caterpillars will give you new respect for what remarkable creatures they are. A Caterpillar Has Just One Job to Eat During the larval stage, the caterpillar must consume enough to sustain itself through its pupal stage and into adulthood. Without proper nutrition, it may not have the energy to complete its metamorphosis. Malnourished caterpillars may reach adulthood, but be unable to produce eggs. Caterpillars can eat an enormous amount during a life cycle stage that typically lasts several weeks. Some consume 27,000 times their body weight during this life phase. Caterpillars Increase Their Body Mass by as Much as 1,000 Times or More The larval stage of the life cycle is all about growth. Within the span of a few weeks, the caterpillar will grow exponentially. Because its cuticle, or skin, is only so pliable, the caterpillar will molt multiple times as it gains size and mass. The stage between molts is called an instar, and most caterpillars go through 5 to 6 instars before pupating. No wonder caterpillars consume so much food! A Caterpillars First Meal Is Usually Its Eggshell In most cases, when a caterpillar ecloses (hatches) from its egg, it will consume the remainder of the shell. The outer layer of the egg, called the chorion, is rich in protein and provides the new larva  with a nutritious start. A Caterpillar Has as Many as 4,000 Muscles in Its Body Thats one seriously muscle-bound insect! By comparison, humans have just 629 muscles in a considerably larger body. The caterpillars head capsule alone consists of 248 individual muscles, and about 70 muscles control each body segment. Remarkably, each of the 4,000 muscles is innervated by one or two neurons.   Caterpillars Have 12 Eyes On each side of its head, a caterpillar has 6 tiny eyelets, called stemmata, arranged in a semi-circle. One of the 6 eyelets is usually offset a bit and located closer to the antennae. You would think an insect with 12 eyes would have excellent eyesight, but thats not the case. The stemmata serve merely to help the caterpillar differentiate between light and dark. If you watch a caterpillar, youll notice it sometimes moves its head from side to side. This most likely helps it judge depth  and distance as it navigates somewhat blindly. Caterpillars Produce Silk Using modified salivary glands along the sides of their mouth, caterpillars can produce silk as needed. Some caterpillars, like gypsy moths, disperse by ballooning from the treetops on a silken thread. Others, such as eastern tent caterpillars or webworms, construct silk tents in which they live communally. Bagworms use silk to join dead foliage together into a shelter. Caterpillars also use silk when they pupate, either to suspend a chrysalis or to construct a cocoon. Caterpillars Have 6 Legs, Just as Adult Butterflies or Moths Do There are way more than 6 legs on most caterpillars youve seen, but most of those legs are false legs, called prolegs, which help the caterpillar hold onto plant surfaces and allow it to climb. The 3 pairs of legs on the caterpillars thoracic segments are the true legs, which it will retain in adulthood. A caterpillar may have up to 5 pairs of prolegs on its abdominal segments, usually including a terminal pair on the hind end.   Caterpillars Move in a Wavelike Motion, From Back to Front Caterpillars with a full complement of prolegs move in a fairly predictable motion. Usually, the caterpillar will first anchor itself using the terminal pair of prolegs and then reach forward with one pair of legs at a time, starting from the hind end. Theres more going on than just leg action, though. The caterpillars blood pressure changes as it moves forward, and its gut, which is basically a cylinder suspended inside its body, advances in sync with the head and rear end. Inchworms and loopers, which have fewer prolegs, move by pulling their hind ends forward in contact with the thorax and then extending their front half. Caterpillars Get Creative When It Comes to Self Defense Life at the bottom of the food chain can be tough, so caterpillars employ all kinds of strategies to avoid becoming a bird snack. Some caterpillars, such as the early instars of black swallowtails, look like bird droppings. Certain inchworms in the family Geometridae mimic twigs, and bear markings that resemble leaf scars or bark. Other caterpillars use the opposite strategy, making themselves visible with bright colors to advertise their toxicity. A few caterpillars, like the spicebush swallowtail, display large eyespots to deter birds from eating them. If youve ever tried to take a caterpillar from its host plant, only to have it fall to the ground, youve observed it using thanatosis to thwart your efforts to collect it. A swallowtail caterpillar can be identified by its smelly osmeterium, a special defensive stink gland just behind the head. Many Caterpillars Use the Toxins From Their Host Plants to Their Own Advantage Caterpillars and plants co-evolve. Some host plants produce toxic or foul-tasting compounds meant to dissuade herbivores from munching their foliage. But many caterpillars can sequester the toxins in their bodies, effectively using these compounds to protect themselves from predators. The classic example of this is the monarch caterpillar and its host plant, milkweed. The monarch caterpillar ingests glycosides produced by the milkweed plant. These toxins remain within the monarch through adulthood, making the butterfly unpalatable to birds and other predators. Sources Caterpillar locomotion: A new model for soft-bodied climbing and burrowing robots, Barry A. Trimmer, Ann E. Takesian, and Brian M. Sweet, Tufts University, 2006.Unique Means of Animal Locomotion Reported for First Time, Tufts University media release, July 22, 2010.Caterpillars of Eastern North America, David L. Wagner.Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd Edition, edited by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Cardà ©, 2009.Borror and Delongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th Edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson, 2005.

Battle of Gallipoli in World War I

Battle of Gallipoli in World War I The Battle of Gallipoli was fought during World War I (1914-1918) and represented an attempt to knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war. The plan for the operation was conceived by First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill who believed warships could force the Dardanelles and strike directly at Constantinople. When this proved unfeasible, the Allies elected to land troops on the Gallipoli Peninsula to open the straits. The early stages of the campaign were badly handled and Allied forces were effectively trapped in their beachheads. Though the Allies spent much of 1915 trying to breakout, they were not successful and the decision was made to withdraw late that year. The campaign marked the Ottoman Empires greatest victory of the war. Fast Facts: Gallipoli Campaign Conflict: World War I (1914-1918)Dates: February 17, 1915-January 9, 1916Armies Commanders:AlliesGeneral Sir Ian HamiltonAdmiral Sir John de Robeck489,000 menOttoman EmpireLieutenant General Otto Liman von SandersMustafa Kemal Pasha315,500 menCasualties:Allies: Britain - 160,790 killed and wounded, France - 27,169 killed and woundedOttoman Empire: 161,828 killed, wounded, and missing Background Following the entry of the Ottoman Empire into World War I, First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill developed a plan for attacking the Dardanelles. Using the ships of the Royal Navy, Churchill believed, partially due to faulty intelligence, that the straits could be forced, opening the way for a direct assault on Constantinople. This plan was approved and several of the Royal Navys older battleships were transferred to the Mediterranean. On the Offensive Operations against the Dardanelles began on February 19, 1915, with British ships under Admiral Sir Sackville Carden bombarding Turkish defenses with little effect. A second attack was made on the 25th which succeeded in forcing the Turks to fall back to their second line of defenses. Entering the straits, British warships engaged the Turks again on March 1, however, their minesweepers were prevented from clearing the channel due to heavy fire. Another attempt to remove the mines failed on the 13th, leading Carden to resign. His replacement, Rear Admiral John de Robeck, launched a massive assault on Turkish defenses on the 18th. This failed and resulted in the sinking of two old British and one French battleships after they struck mines. General Sir Ian Hamilton, 1910. Library of Congress Ground Forces With the failure of the naval campaign, it became clear to Allied leaders that a ground force was going to be needed to eliminate the Turkish artillery on the Gallipoli Peninsula which commanded the straits. This mission was delegated to General Sir Ian Hamilton and the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force. This command included the newly formed Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), the 29th Division, the Royal Naval Division, and the French Oriental Expeditionary Corps. Security for the operation was lax and the Turks spent six weeks preparing for the anticipated assault. Ottoman machine gun team during the Gallipoli Campaign. Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-S29571 / CC-BY-SA 3.0 Opposing the Allies was the Turkish 5th Army commanded by General Otto Liman von Sanders, the German advisor to the Ottoman army. Hamiltons plan called for landings at Cape Helles, near the tip of the peninsula, with the ANZACs landing further up the Aegean coast just north of Gaba Tepe. While the 29th Division was to advance north to take the forts along the straits, the ANZACs were to cut across the peninsula to prevent the retreat or reinforcement of the Turkish defenders. The first landings began on April 25, 1915, and were badly mismanaged (Map). Meeting stiff resistance at Cape Helles, British troops took heavy casualties as they landed and, after heavy fighting, were finally able to overwhelm the defenders. To the north, the ANZACs faired slightly better, though they missed their intended landing beaches by about a mile. Pushing inland from Anzac Cove, they were able to gain a shallow foothold. Two days later, Turkish troops under Mustafa Kemal attempted to drive the ANZACs back into the sea but were defeated by tenacious defending and naval gunfire. At Helles, Hamilton, now supported by French troops, pushed north towards the village of Krithia. Trench Warfare Attacking on April 28, Hamiltons men were unable to take the village. With his advance stalled in the face of determined resistance, the front began to mirror the trench warfare of France. Another attempt was made to take Krithia on May 6. Pushing hard, Allied forces only gained a quarter mile while suffering heavy casualties. At Anzac Cove, Kemal launched a massive counterattack on May 19. Unable to throw the ANZACs back, he suffered over 10,000 casualties in the attempt. On June 4, a final attempt was made against Krithia with no success. Gridlock After a limited victory at Gully Ravine in late June, Hamilton accepted that the Helles front had become a stalemate. Seeking to move around the Turkish lines, Hamilton re-embarked two divisions and had them landed at Sulva Bay, just north of Anzac Cove, on August 6. This was supported by diversionary attacks at Anzac and Helles. Coming ashore, Lt. General Sir Frederick Stopfords men moved too slowly and the Turks were able to occupy the heights overlooking their position. As a result, the British troops were quickly locked into their beachhead. In the supporting action to the south, the ANZACs were able to win a rare victory at Lone Pine, though their main assaults on Chunuk Bair and Hill 971 failed. Soldiers of the Royal Irish Fusiliers in the trenches on the southern section of Gallipoli Peninsula during World War I. Australian War Memorial On August 21, Hamilton attempted to revive the offensive at Sulva Bay with attacks on Scimitar Hill and Hill 60. Fighting in brutal heat, these were beaten off and by the 29th the battle had ended. With the failure of Hamiltons August Offensive, fighting calmed as British leaders debated the future of the campaign. In October, Hamilton was replaced by Lt. General Sir Charles Monro. After reviewing his command, and influenced by the entry of Bulgaria into the war on the side of the Central Powers, Monro recommended evacuating Gallipoli. Following a visit from Secretary of State for War Lord Kitchener, Monros evacuation plan was approved. Beginning on December 7, troop levels were drawn down with those at Sulva Bay and Anzac Cove departing first. The last Allied forces departed Gallipoli on January 9, 1916, when the final troops embarked at Helles. Aftermath The Gallipoli Campaign cost the Allies 187,959 killed and wounded and the Turks 161,828. Gallipoli proved to be the Turks greatest victory of the war. In London, the campaigns failure led to the demotion of Winston Churchill and contributed to the collapse of Prime Minister H. H. Asquiths government. The fighting at Gallipoli proved a galvanizing national experience for Australia and New Zealand, which had not previously fought in a major conflict. As a result, the anniversary of the landings, April 25, is celebrated as ANZAC Day and is both nations most significant day of military remembrance.

As the population continues to grow the carrying capacity is reaching Research Paper

As the population continues to grow the carrying capacity is reaching unsustainble levels. Discuss the negative short and long t - Research Paper Example The rapid population growth in the U.S. has ultimately led to unsustainable levels of population (National Audubon Society, 2013). With the increase in population, the carrying capacity has reached unsustainable levels and is likely to cause immense negative consequences in the United States. This paper will discuss the negative long term and short term effects of unsustainable population growth in the United States. The negative short and long term impacts of an unsustainable population (in the US) The unsustainable level of population has both short term and long term negative effects. With the increase in population, the diminishing carrying capacity of the United States will affect the country, in the long term and short term. One short term effect of unsustainable population is that it will lead to poor economic growth. High population growth will hinder the economic growth of the United States. This is because the available resources are not likely to sustain the population. Th e government will have to deal with challenges regarding equal distribution of resources in the entire country. The rate of economic growth has to be high in order to sustain the population and ensure that all people have access to basic services. However, this will be in the short term since in the long run the government will come up with measures to ensure that the available resources are equally distributed throughout the country (National Audubon Society, 2013). Another negative impact of high population growth in the short term is that the U.S. government will be faced by the challenge of providing amenities. High population may exceed the number of facilities, which the government has set aside for the provision of basic amenities. High population also means that the number of facilities have to be increased. The burden to increase the facilities lies on the government. The provision of some services such as healthcare, education, as well as sanitation services largely depend s on the population. When the population is high, it becomes challenging to provide quality services to all people. Consequently, the quality of services provided may be poor because the human resources needed to provide such services may not match the needs of the entire population. This may hinder people’s access to some crucial services such as healthcare. Education may also be compromised since the teacher to student ration will be lower. As a result, the quality of U.S. education may become poor before the government rectifies the situation by employing more teachers. There will also be a shortage of some amenities such as water due to high population growth. This emanates from the fact that water sources can be depleted by high population. Scarcity of water will also emanate from the destruction of water sources due to human activity (Robertson, 2012). The other negative short term impact of high population growth is that the unsustainable population may lead to rural-u rban migration. This is also precipitated by the aspect of urbanisation, which motivates people to move to urban centres in search of jobs. As a result, the population of the rural areas will decrease while the urban population will undergo a dramatic increase. The overall impact is that there will be insecurity in urban centres due to the high population of unemployed youths. High population

Cunduct a survey criticle analyzing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cunduct a survey criticle analyzing - Essay Example The paper goes systematically. In the first half of the paper, it provides a brief account of the approach to be taken while conducting this research. This is followed by a step-by-step guide through the entire process of data collection, data analyzing and reporting. It is not a manual on how to conduct a research. It is not even intended that way. It is rather a way to enlighten the novice researcher of the pitfalls associated with research and common mistakes encountered. It tells him, how he must avoid those mistakes if the work is to be deemed authentic and valid. Survey research asks of the same practices and methods as those undertaken in other approaches for research. The journal editors and the research community at large will evaluate a research report with the same level of intensity as that of any other research report. This does not imply that the survey research is difficult or complex, but the point being that the researchers need to be aware of the steps that should be taken in a survey research and they should be thoughtful, in their planning, execution and reporting of the project. More than anything else, survey research should not be considered as a quick, easy and dirty option. It should be worked over very cautiously. If haphazard work is done on it then, it won’t be able to add sufficient and desired value to education. The article elaborates on the development of the Team Diagnostic survey (TDS). It is an instrument which is used to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of work teams and for research on team behavior and performance. The TDS revolves primarily around research and theory on the conditions set to foster and build team effectiveness. It gives an insight into how well a team is structured, supported and what is it’s leadership like. It reflects on how the processes members engage in while working, the impact of their reactions to the team at large and to the work . On the psychometric properties level, TDS